Children and young people up to 18 should have their weight and body mass index (BMI) recorded every year, says a report by child health experts.
The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health says England is falling behind other countries on obesity, mental health and infant deaths.
It predicts rising health problems by 2030 without changes in policy.
An NHS England spokeswoman said the report provided “useful context” for its long-term funding plan.
The plan is set to be published this year.
Currently, children in England are measured at primary school, up to the ages of 10 and 11, but not after that.
The report, Child Health in 2030 in England, says more needs to be done to halt obesity.
It compared different aspects of children and young people’s health in England with 14 other European Union countries plus Australia, Canada and Norway.
The report found England has poorer health outcomes than the average across those 18 countries and, based on recent trends, is likely to fall further behind them over the next decade.
